{
  "url": "https://www.moonstonehq.com/articles/hard-to-gem",
  "slug": "hard-to-gem",
  "title": "Hard to Gem: 22.8 Million PSA Slabs Say the Decade Decides, Texture Helps, and the PSA 10 Premium Runs the Other Way",
  "summary": "We pooled the PSA registries of 17,730 cards. Half of every slab ever returned on them is a 10, but that average is two markets stapled together: Japanese cards gem at 73%, English cards at 36%. Inside English, the era decides: WotC rares gem at 4%, Neo Genesis Lugia at 0.12%, while Sword & Shield secret rares gem at 61% and the new Mega-era special illustration rares at 62%. Rarity matters less than the decade and in the direction collectors do not expect: textured special illustration rares gem more often than the plain illustration rares in the same sets. And the money moves against the gem rate: cards that gem under 10% of the time carry a median PSA 10 premium of 28x raw; cards that gem three times in four carry 5x.",
  "section": "Data forensics",
  "published": "2026-09-13",
  "readMinutes": 10,
  "publisher": "moonstone",
  "findings": [
    {
      "value": "49.5%",
      "measures": "of all 22.8 million slabs are PSA 10s",
      "basis": "median of the 9,399 lines with 100+ slabs gems 34.2% of the time"
    },
    {
      "value": "73% vs 36%",
      "measures": "pooled gem rate, Japanese vs English cards",
      "basis": "8.07M Japanese slabs, 14.75M English"
    },
    {
      "value": "4.1%",
      "measures": "pooled gem rate of WotC-era rares",
      "basis": "vs 61.1% for Sword & Shield secret rares"
    },
    {
      "value": "28x vs 5x",
      "measures": "median PSA 10 premium over raw, gem rate under 10% vs over 75%",
      "basis": "2,609 English cards, r = -0.60"
    }
  ],
  "tables": [
    {
      "title": "Gem rate by language (lines with at least one recorded PSA 10; median line requires 100+ slabs)",
      "columns": [
        "Language",
        "Lines",
        "PSA slabs",
        "Pooled gem rate",
        "Median line gem rate",
        "Share of slabs that are PSA 9"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "Language": "English",
          "Lines": "15,381",
          "PSA slabs": "14,746,718",
          "Pooled gem rate": "36.4%",
          "Median line gem rate": "28.4%",
          "Share of slabs that are PSA 9": "38.0%"
        },
        {
          "Language": "Japanese",
          "Lines": "2,349",
          "PSA slabs": "8,065,854",
          "Pooled gem rate": "73.3%",
          "Median line gem rate": "60.5%",
          "Share of slabs that are PSA 9": "17.8%"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Gem rate and PSA 10 premium by catalog rarity, all languages, rarities with at least 40 lines, excluding the 926 lines with no rarity recorded, which would rank third at 74.8% (premium: English lines priced $5+ with a PSA 10 sold median on 3+ sales)",
      "columns": [
        "Rarity",
        "Lines",
        "PSA slabs",
        "Pooled gem rate",
        "Median line",
        "Median PSA 10 premium (n)"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "Rarity": "Art Rare (Japanese)",
          "Lines": "68",
          "PSA slabs": "383,959",
          "Pooled gem rate": "84.0%",
          "Median line": "85.8%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Special Art Rare (Japanese)",
          "Lines": "67",
          "PSA slabs": "554,399",
          "Pooled gem rate": "80.3%",
          "Median line": "89.5%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Super Rare (Japanese)",
          "Lines": "198",
          "PSA slabs": "709,304",
          "Pooled gem rate": "71.9%",
          "Median line": "69.8%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Holo Rare VMAX",
          "Lines": "79",
          "PSA slabs": "184,354",
          "Pooled gem rate": "68.8%",
          "Median line": "68.0%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "9.5x (25)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Double Rare",
          "Lines": "278",
          "PSA slabs": "541,380",
          "Pooled gem rate": "60.9%",
          "Median line": "43.3%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "13.4x (7)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Classic Collection",
          "Lines": "106",
          "PSA slabs": "294,756",
          "Pooled gem rate": "58.6%",
          "Median line": "56.2%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "7.4x (28)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Shiny Rare",
          "Lines": "292",
          "PSA slabs": "299,171",
          "Pooled gem rate": "57.0%",
          "Median line": "54.7%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "8.0x (108)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Common",
          "Lines": "4,172",
          "PSA slabs": "1,848,566",
          "Pooled gem rate": "52.7%",
          "Median line": "27.2%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "20.5x (145)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Secret Rare",
          "Lines": "584",
          "PSA slabs": "981,520",
          "Pooled gem rate": "50.9%",
          "Median line": "47.1%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "6.2x (330)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Holo Rare V",
          "Lines": "207",
          "PSA slabs": "135,718",
          "Pooled gem rate": "50.2%",
          "Median line": "48.0%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "19.5x (9)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Hyper Rare",
          "Lines": "129",
          "PSA slabs": "239,594",
          "Pooled gem rate": "49.2%",
          "Median line": "50.1%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "7.6x (49)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Ultra Rare",
          "Lines": "1,384",
          "PSA slabs": "2,568,014",
          "Pooled gem rate": "45.4%",
          "Median line": "44.3%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "8.1x (579)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Promo",
          "Lines": "1,003",
          "PSA slabs": "2,830,599",
          "Pooled gem rate": "43.2%",
          "Median line": "22.9%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "16.0x (216)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Special Illustration Rare",
          "Lines": "187",
          "PSA slabs": "1,587,256",
          "Pooled gem rate": "41.1%",
          "Median line": "41.8%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "3.6x (181)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Illustration Rare",
          "Lines": "412",
          "PSA slabs": "1,467,300",
          "Pooled gem rate": "33.7%",
          "Median line": "26.6%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "11.0x (343)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Uncommon",
          "Lines": "3,047",
          "PSA slabs": "435,978",
          "Pooled gem rate": "31.6%",
          "Median line": "21.7%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "22.0x (51)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Rare",
          "Lines": "3,136",
          "PSA slabs": "2,102,663",
          "Pooled gem rate": "16.1%",
          "Median line": "11.9%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "25.9x (410)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Holo Rare",
          "Lines": "1,112",
          "PSA slabs": "956,521",
          "Pooled gem rate": "13.8%",
          "Median line": "14.8%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "24.8x (114)"
        },
        {
          "Rarity": "Rare Holo LV.X",
          "Lines": "56",
          "PSA slabs": "38,207",
          "Pooled gem rate": "3.3%",
          "Median line": "3.3%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "35.1x (7)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Gem rate and PSA 10 premium by era and rarity, English cards, groups with 20 or more premium lines, sorted by gem rate",
      "columns": [
        "Era and rarity",
        "Pooled gem rate",
        "Median PSA 10 premium",
        "Premium lines"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "Era and rarity": "WotC Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "4.1%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "28.2x",
          "Premium lines": "168"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "WotC Holo Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "5.2%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "20.3x",
          "Premium lines": "51"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "EX era Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "7.1%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "24.3x",
          "Premium lines": "182"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "EX era Holo Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "9.0%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "28.2x",
          "Premium lines": "40"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "EX era Common",
          "Pooled gem rate": "16.0%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "29.7x",
          "Premium lines": "39"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "WotC Uncommon",
          "Pooled gem rate": "17.3%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "24.9x",
          "Premium lines": "30"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "WotC Common",
          "Pooled gem rate": "19.0%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "18.5x",
          "Premium lines": "102"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Scarlet & Violet Illustration Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "28.3%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "11.4x",
          "Premium lines": "310"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "XY Ultra Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "28.4%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "19.7x",
          "Premium lines": "114"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sword & Shield Promo",
          "Pooled gem rate": "31.0%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "18.2x",
          "Premium lines": "68"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sword & Shield Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "34.4%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "21.2x",
          "Premium lines": "24"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sun & Moon Promo",
          "Pooled gem rate": "34.5%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "18.9x",
          "Premium lines": "60"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Scarlet & Violet Promo",
          "Pooled gem rate": "35.4%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "10.3x",
          "Premium lines": "37"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Scarlet & Violet Special Illustration Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "36.3%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "3.8x",
          "Premium lines": "139"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sun & Moon Secret Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "38.0%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "6.3x",
          "Premium lines": "127"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Scarlet & Violet Hyper Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "39.1%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "7.6x",
          "Premium lines": "49"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Scarlet & Violet Ultra Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "42.7%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "8.4x",
          "Premium lines": "46"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sun & Moon Ultra Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "43.5%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "7.2x",
          "Premium lines": "207"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Scarlet & Violet Shiny Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "43.9%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "11.3x",
          "Premium lines": "52"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sword & Shield, no rarity recorded",
          "Pooled gem rate": "49.5%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "6.9x",
          "Premium lines": "58"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sword & Shield Ultra Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "54.4%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "5.4x",
          "Premium lines": "161"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Mega Evolution Promo",
          "Pooled gem rate": "55.9%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "10.1x",
          "Premium lines": "27"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sun & Moon Shiny Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "59.0%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "5.3x",
          "Premium lines": "53"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Mega Evolution Illustration Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "59.2%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "8.6x",
          "Premium lines": "33"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sword & Shield Secret Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "61.1%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "5.8x",
          "Premium lines": "176"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Mega Evolution Special Illustration Rare",
          "Pooled gem rate": "62.0%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "2.5x",
          "Premium lines": "42"
        },
        {
          "Era and rarity": "Sword & Shield Holo Rare VMAX",
          "Pooled gem rate": "67.9%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "8.3x",
          "Premium lines": "23"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "PSA 10 premium by gem-rate band, English cards with 100+ slabs, raw price $5+, and a PSA 10 sold median on 3+ sales (2,609 cards)",
      "columns": [
        "Gem rate band",
        "Cards",
        "Median raw price",
        "Median PSA 10 sold",
        "Median PSA 10 premium"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "Gem rate band": "Under 10%",
          "Cards": "345",
          "Median raw price": "$80.00",
          "Median PSA 10 sold": "$2,313",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "28.1x"
        },
        {
          "Gem rate band": "10% to 25%",
          "Cards": "599",
          "Median raw price": "$24.33",
          "Median PSA 10 sold": "$485",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "19.3x"
        },
        {
          "Gem rate band": "25% to 50%",
          "Cards": "952",
          "Median raw price": "$19.19",
          "Median PSA 10 sold": "$190",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "8.2x"
        },
        {
          "Gem rate band": "50% to 75%",
          "Cards": "668",
          "Median raw price": "$13.75",
          "Median PSA 10 sold": "$100",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "5.9x"
        },
        {
          "Gem rate band": "75% and up",
          "Cards": "45",
          "Median raw price": "$13.99",
          "Median PSA 10 sold": "$74.99",
          "Median PSA 10 premium": "5.2x"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Cards numbered past the printed set total vs everything else, all languages. The second row is not strictly in-set: 2,357 lines carrying 6.3 million slabs (promos, Black Star sets, trainer kits) have no printed total at all and fall into it. Restricted to lines that do carry a printed total it reads 33.7% pooled and 24.0% at the median line",
      "columns": [
        "Group",
        "Lines",
        "PSA slabs",
        "Pooled gem rate",
        "Median line",
        "Median PSA 10 premium (n)"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "Group": "Number above the set total (secret slot)",
          "Lines": "2,020",
          "PSA slabs": "7,292,094",
          "Pooled gem rate": "54.0%",
          "Median line": "44.6%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "7.8x (1,066)"
        },
        {
          "Group": "In-set number",
          "Lines": "15,710",
          "PSA slabs": "15,520,478",
          "Pooled gem rate": "47.4%",
          "Median line": "30.5%",
          "Median PSA 10 premium (n)": "14.7x (1,640)"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Hardest English gems: cards with 2,000+ PSA slabs and a raw market of $20 or more, by gem rate (2026-09-13)",
      "columns": [
        "Card",
        "Set",
        "PSA slabs",
        "PSA 10s",
        "Gem rate",
        "Raw market",
        "PSA 10 sold median"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "Card": "[Typhlosion](/card/neo1-17)",
          "Set": "[Neo Genesis](/set/neo%20genesis) 17",
          "PSA slabs": "4,245",
          "PSA 10s": "4",
          "Gem rate": "0.09%",
          "Raw market": "$199.80",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Lugia](/card/neo1-9)",
          "Set": "[Neo Genesis](/set/neo%20genesis) 9",
          "PSA slabs": "12,258",
          "PSA 10s": "15",
          "Gem rate": "0.12%",
          "Raw market": "$518.99",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Venusaur](/card/basep-13)",
          "Set": "Wizards Black Star Promos 13",
          "PSA slabs": "5,429",
          "PSA 10s": "9",
          "Gem rate": "0.17%",
          "Raw market": "$295.68",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Team Aqua's Kyogre EX](/card/dc1-6)",
          "Set": "[Double Crisis](/set/double%20crisis) 6",
          "PSA slabs": "5,846",
          "PSA 10s": "11",
          "Gem rate": "0.19%",
          "Raw market": "$530.59",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$3,218.75"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Vaporeon](/card/base2-12)",
          "Set": "[Jungle](/set/jungle) 12",
          "PSA slabs": "16,529",
          "PSA 10s": "35",
          "Gem rate": "0.21%",
          "Raw market": "$50.04",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Wigglytuff](/card/base4-19)",
          "Set": "[Base Set 2](/set/base%20set%202) 19",
          "PSA slabs": "4,214",
          "PSA 10s": "11",
          "Gem rate": "0.26%",
          "Raw market": "$23.59",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Slowking](/card/neo1-14)",
          "Set": "[Neo Genesis](/set/neo%20genesis) 14",
          "PSA slabs": "3,303",
          "PSA 10s": "9",
          "Gem rate": "0.27%",
          "Raw market": "$79.10",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Eevee](/card/basep-11)",
          "Set": "Wizards Black Star Promos 11",
          "PSA slabs": "10,770",
          "PSA 10s": "31",
          "Gem rate": "0.29%",
          "Raw market": "$51.98",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$1,509.50"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Team Magma's Groudon EX](/card/dc1-15)",
          "Set": "[Double Crisis](/set/double%20crisis) 15",
          "PSA slabs": "5,952",
          "PSA 10s": "19",
          "Gem rate": "0.32%",
          "Raw market": "$481.19",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Feraligatr](/card/neo1-5)",
          "Set": "[Neo Genesis](/set/neo%20genesis) 5",
          "PSA slabs": "2,259",
          "PSA 10s": "8",
          "Gem rate": "0.35%",
          "Raw market": "$136.49",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Dragonite](/card/base3-4)",
          "Set": "[Fossil](/set/fossil) 4",
          "PSA slabs": "16,881",
          "PSA 10s": "60",
          "Gem rate": "0.36%",
          "Raw market": "$188.98",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Rayquaza EX](/card/xyp-XY69)",
          "Set": "XY Black Star Promos XY69",
          "PSA slabs": "2,200",
          "PSA 10s": "8",
          "Gem rate": "0.36%",
          "Raw market": "$202.72",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Gengar](/card/base3-5)",
          "Set": "[Fossil](/set/fossil) 5",
          "PSA slabs": "14,020",
          "PSA 10s": "51",
          "Gem rate": "0.36%",
          "Raw market": "$215.91",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Sabrina's Gengar](/card/gym1-14)",
          "Set": "[Gym Heroes](/set/gym%20heroes) 14",
          "PSA slabs": "8,974",
          "PSA 10s": "34",
          "Gem rate": "0.38%",
          "Raw market": "$465.66",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Lapras](/card/base3-10)",
          "Set": "[Fossil](/set/fossil) 10",
          "PSA slabs": "13,453",
          "PSA 10s": "51",
          "Gem rate": "0.38%",
          "Raw market": "$26.60",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "n/a"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Easiest English gems: cards with 2,000+ PSA slabs and a raw market of $20 or more, by gem rate",
      "columns": [
        "Card",
        "Set",
        "PSA slabs",
        "PSA 10s",
        "Gem rate",
        "Raw market",
        "PSA 10 sold median"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "Card": "[Charmander](/card/mep-038)",
          "Set": "MEP Black Star Promos 038",
          "PSA slabs": "19,036",
          "PSA 10s": "16,015",
          "Gem rate": "84.1%",
          "Raw market": "$38.92",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$125.00"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Zacian V](/card/swsh1-211)",
          "Set": "[Sword & Shield](/set/sword%20%26%20shield) 211",
          "PSA slabs": "3,115",
          "PSA 10s": "2,472",
          "Gem rate": "79.4%",
          "Raw market": "$20.53",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$59.72"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Bulbasaur](/card/mep-037)",
          "Set": "MEP Black Star Promos 037",
          "PSA slabs": "17,153",
          "PSA 10s": "13,563",
          "Gem rate": "79.1%",
          "Raw market": "$28.40",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$102.50"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Snorlax VMAX](/card/swsh1-206)",
          "Set": "[Sword & Shield](/set/sword%20%26%20shield) 206",
          "PSA slabs": "5,470",
          "PSA 10s": "4,281",
          "Gem rate": "78.3%",
          "Raw market": "$105.06",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$232.50"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Deoxys VMAX](/card/swsh12.5gg-GG45)",
          "Set": "[Crown Zenith Galarian Gallery](/set/crown%20zenith%20galarian%20gallery) GG45",
          "PSA slabs": "20,313",
          "PSA 10s": "15,752",
          "Gem rate": "77.5%",
          "Raw market": "$63.66",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$187.80"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Zeraora VMAX](/card/swsh12.5gg-GG42)",
          "Set": "[Crown Zenith Galarian Gallery](/set/crown%20zenith%20galarian%20gallery) GG42",
          "PSA slabs": "5,211",
          "PSA 10s": "4,011",
          "Gem rate": "77.0%",
          "Raw market": "$29.06",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$103.80"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Mega Clefable ex](/card/me03-119)",
          "Set": "[Perfect Order](/set/perfect%20order) 119",
          "PSA slabs": "3,008",
          "PSA 10s": "2,315",
          "Gem rate": "77.0%",
          "Raw market": "$51.03",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$125.50"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Rayquaza VMAX](/card/swsh12.5tg-TG29)",
          "Set": "[Silver Tempest Trainer Gallery](/set/silver%20tempest%20trainer%20gallery) TG29",
          "PSA slabs": "13,740",
          "PSA 10s": "10,554",
          "Gem rate": "76.8%",
          "Raw market": "$30.49",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$168.75"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Glaceon VMAX](/card/swsh7-208)",
          "Set": "[Evolving Skies](/set/evolving%20skies) 208",
          "PSA slabs": "2,939",
          "PSA 10s": "2,233",
          "Gem rate": "76.0%",
          "Raw market": "$37.05",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$99.00"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Squirtle](/card/mep-039)",
          "Set": "MEP Black Star Promos 039",
          "PSA slabs": "16,835",
          "PSA 10s": "12,771",
          "Gem rate": "75.9%",
          "Raw market": "$28.53",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$117.50"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Ice Rider Calyrex VMAX](/card/swsh6-203)",
          "Set": "Chilling Reign 203",
          "PSA slabs": "3,386",
          "PSA 10s": "2,568",
          "Gem rate": "75.8%",
          "Raw market": "$39.15",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$99.63"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Leafeon VMAX](/card/swsh7-204)",
          "Set": "[Evolving Skies](/set/evolving%20skies) 204",
          "PSA slabs": "2,999",
          "PSA 10s": "2,258",
          "Gem rate": "75.3%",
          "Raw market": "$43.82",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$107.70"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Charizard VMAX](/card/swsh4.5sv-SV107)",
          "Set": "[Shining Fates Shiny Vault](/set/shining%20fates%20shiny%20vault) SV107",
          "PSA slabs": "48,658",
          "PSA 10s": "36,375",
          "Gem rate": "74.8%",
          "Raw market": "$135.43",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$241.64"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Rayquaza VMAX](/card/swsh7-217)",
          "Set": "[Evolving Skies](/set/evolving%20skies) 217",
          "PSA slabs": "6,174",
          "PSA 10s": "4,603",
          "Gem rate": "74.6%",
          "Raw market": "$124.94",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$298.97"
        },
        {
          "Card": "[Meowth ex](/card/me03-121)",
          "Set": "[Perfect Order](/set/perfect%20order) 121",
          "PSA slabs": "7,012",
          "PSA 10s": "5,209",
          "Gem rate": "74.3%",
          "Raw market": "$121.23",
          "PSA 10 sold median": "$299.99"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Gem rate by illustrator, all languages, 82 illustrators with 15+ lines of 100+ slabs and 20,000+ slabs in total; the eight hardest and eight easiest",
      "columns": [
        "Illustrator",
        "Lines",
        "PSA slabs",
        "Pooled gem rate",
        "Eras on the registry"
      ],
      "rows": [
        {
          "Illustrator": "Hideaki Hakozaki",
          "Lines": "17",
          "PSA slabs": "22,107",
          "Pooled gem rate": "3.4%",
          "Eras on the registry": "HGSS, BW, promos"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "Hironobu Yoshida",
          "Lines": "26",
          "PSA slabs": "53,907",
          "Pooled gem rate": "6.6%",
          "Eras on the registry": "WotC, EX, DP, SM"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "Kimiya Masago",
          "Lines": "25",
          "PSA slabs": "30,536",
          "Pooled gem rate": "7.0%",
          "Eras on the registry": "WotC, EX"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "Hikaru Koike",
          "Lines": "41",
          "PSA slabs": "41,751",
          "Pooled gem rate": "8.5%",
          "Eras on the registry": "WotC, EX"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "Ken Sugimori",
          "Lines": "474",
          "PSA slabs": "746,653",
          "Pooled gem rate": "10.3%",
          "Eras on the registry": "WotC to SwSh"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "Shizurow",
          "Lines": "54",
          "PSA slabs": "36,216",
          "Pooled gem rate": "11.7%",
          "Eras on the registry": "EX, DP, HGSS, BW"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "Kanako Eo",
          "Lines": "15",
          "PSA slabs": "22,232",
          "Pooled gem rate": "12.9%",
          "Eras on the registry": "DP to SM"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "Kagemaru Himeno",
          "Lines": "219",
          "PSA slabs": "268,096",
          "Pooled gem rate": "13.0%",
          "Eras on the registry": "WotC to SV"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "Jiro Sasumo",
          "Lines": "19",
          "PSA slabs": "193,863",
          "Pooled gem rate": "60.8%",
          "Eras on the registry": "SwSh, SV, ME, Japanese (40% of slabs)"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "PLANETA Yamashita",
          "Lines": "21",
          "PSA slabs": "57,551",
          "Pooled gem rate": "61.7%",
          "Eras on the registry": "SwSh, SV, Japanese (46%)"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "AKIRA EGAWA",
          "Lines": "51",
          "PSA slabs": "452,037",
          "Pooled gem rate": "61.7%",
          "Eras on the registry": "SwSh, SV, ME, Japanese (35%)"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "Shigenori Negishi",
          "Lines": "25",
          "PSA slabs": "96,235",
          "Pooled gem rate": "61.8%",
          "Eras on the registry": "HGSS, SM to SV, Japanese (17%)"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "KEIICHIRO ITO",
          "Lines": "19",
          "PSA slabs": "51,439",
          "Pooled gem rate": "63.0%",
          "Eras on the registry": "SwSh, SV, ME, Japanese (12%)"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "sui",
          "Lines": "24",
          "PSA slabs": "115,449",
          "Pooled gem rate": "64.2%",
          "Eras on the registry": "DP to ME, Japanese (41%)"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "kantaro",
          "Lines": "22",
          "PSA slabs": "87,030",
          "Pooled gem rate": "68.6%",
          "Eras on the registry": "SwSh, SV, ME, Japanese (56%)"
        },
        {
          "Illustrator": "GOSSAN",
          "Lines": "30",
          "PSA slabs": "131,252",
          "Pooled gem rate": "69.4%",
          "Eras on the registry": "SwSh, SV, ME, Japanese (45%)"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "charts": [],
  "sections": [
    "Japanese cards gem twice as often, and their nines are half as common",
    "The textured card is the easy gem",
    "The harder the gem, the bigger the multiple",
    "Past the set total, the gem rate goes up and the premium goes down",
    "The hardest and easiest gems with a real registry",
    "Illustrators sort by era, and the registry cannot separate them from it"
  ],
  "method": [
    "Universe: the 24,175 PSA population lines in our daily snapshots (keyed by TCGplayer product id) as of 2026-09-13, using each line's most recent snapshot; a PSA 10 count of zero on that snapshot falls back to the latest snapshot carrying a count. Removed: 950 lines at 1,000 slabs or more whose totals agree within 1% and PSA 10 counts within 1.5% or one slab with a larger line (provider collisions; the larger is kept), 1,173 lines not in our card catalog, one known provider remap (Base Set 2 Charizard), and 4,321 lines with no PSA 10 recorded on any snapshot (see the callout). Final: 17,730 catalog cards, 22,812,572 slabs, 11,289,732 PSA 10s. Rarity is the catalog rarity string, case-folded; 'Rare Holo' is merged with 'Holo Rare' and 'Secret' with 'Secret Rare'; 'no rarity recorded' is the catalog's empty field. Era follows the set prefix (WotC through Mega Evolution) with Japanese prints as their own bucket. Secret slot means the card's number exceeds the set's printed total. Pooled gem rate is total PSA 10s over total slabs; median line gem rate is the median of per-card rates over lines with 100 or more slabs. PSA 9 share is PSA 9 count over total on lines carrying a PSA 9 count. Raw market is the median of our recorded daily market price over the eleven daily buckets from 2026-09-03 to 2026-09-13; PSA 10 sold median is the latest graded snapshot with three or more verified eBay sales, English lines only; premium is the ratio, over lines priced $5 and up. Correlations use the natural log of the premium; the group correlation covers the 27 English era-and-rarity groups with 20 or more premium lines. Card tables require 2,000 or more slabs and $20 or more raw. Illustrator groups require 15 lines of 100 or more slabs and 20,000 slabs in total. Medians on even samples average the two middle values. Not financial advice."
  ],
  "terms": "Figures are moonstone's own recorded measurements, dated as published. Quote them with the population stated beside them. The article at `url` is the human form of this file."
}